When I was young, maybe in my early teens, I used to think that what gave the human brain its advantage (over synthetic computation machines) was its speed. I used to think that the brain processed information with a throughput and latency that was far superior to machines and that was why computers couldn’t duplicate the more complex tasks that every human does every second. But of course this was completely false. In terms of sheer speed of processing and signal transmission, human nervous system and brain fall much short of any computer.
Later on, I arrived at the concept that it was the inherent parallelism and emergent mechanisms that are going on in our brain that give it its superiority. The billions of neurons on our brains all are working in parallel (well, not all obviously, but each subsystem seems to be massively parallel) and many of them are actively selecting and routing and inhibiting and amplifying the signals that come their way so new, probably non-deterministic and previously untried, methods are emerging and falling all the time. As an interesting side note, it seems to me that our brain is quite good at data parallelism, and really bad at task parallelism! A corollary of this concept could be the idea that human brain is also very small for the computational power it has (I don’t think it is.) Anyways, while this parallelism might very well be a great feature of human brain, it’s probably not the most important or amazing. After all, the whole Internet is a parallel machine (for some loose definition of the phrase) that probably has more computational power than the whole human population combined by several orders of magnitude (haven’t done the math; don’t bug me about it!)
In the first years of college, I was introduced (a tiny bit more properly) to the fact that human brain reconfigures itself on the fly. Through a process and under rules that might very well be quite simple and even trivial to understand, it reinforces some paths and connects and creates others. This still counts (for me) as an important feature.
Very recently, I’ve started to realize the most amazing feature of the human brain is its energy consumption! There’s all this stuff going on in there, with all these capabilities, and it consumes, what, 100 watts? 200? (again, haven’t done any research or calculations – please illuminate me if you know.) That’s not even enough to power a half decent GPU these days. Am I too wrong?